Communication of Capybara

Communication is essential in capybaras because they live in a closed social unit with complicated social structure. This species has developed several communication methods, the most notable of which is chemical communication through two scent glands: the anal gland and the snout gland.

morillo

The anal gland can be found on both sides of the anus in male and female capybaras. On the other hand, the snout gland, also known as “morrillo” is found to be more developed in males. Hence, it is sometimes be used to differentiate male capybaras from female capybaras.

The anal gland marks are used for membership identification while marks with morrillo are used by males for signaling their hierarchical status. Besides that, capybaras also rub their scent glands on vegetation to mark their territory.

Capybaras also communicate vocally, but it is not well understood. They use at least seven distinct sounds, some of which seems to be group-specific and is suggested to promote group cohesion through membership identification.

Alertness and alarm calling are two additional lifesaving means of auditory communication. Subordinate males in group scan surroundings frequently by elevating their heads slightly above a usual standing position. Whenever they detect threat, they will emit a loud, low-pitched bark as an alarm call to alert the pack.